Relationship between Smoking and Vocal Self-perception of Trans Women

Objective: To verify the relationship between smoking, age, schooling, and the vocal self-perception of trans women. Methods: Cross-sectional observational quantitative study conducted with 24 trans women over 18 years old, living in their affirmed gender for a minimum of 6 months. Data collection involved selected questions from the translated and authorized Portuguese version of the Trans Woman Voice Questionnaire (TWVQ) and information regarding age, education, occupation, and smoking status. All variables were analyzed descriptively, and the association with smoking was assessed using Pearson's Chi-square, Fisher's Exact, Student's T, and Mann-Whitney tests, with a significance level of 5%. Results: The mean age of trans women was 28.2 +/- 6.5 years (range: 21 - 48). Most participants (41.6%) had completed their high school education and pursued diverse careers. Regarding smoking habits, 58.3% of women were either current smokers or had smoked at least 100 cigarettes in their lifetime. A statistically significant association was found between smoking and age (p = 0.001), with smokers having a lower average age (24.9 years) compared to nonsmokers (32.9 years). However, no statistical significance was observed between smoking, education, and self-perception of vocal femininity. Only 9 (37.5%) trans women perceived their voices as feminine, while 17 (70.7%) desired a more feminine-sounding voice. Limitation: The limited sample size in this study may have constrained the ability to detect significant differences between the analyzed groups using statistical tests. Conclusion: The smoking prevalence was notably high among younger trans women. However, there was no statistically significant difference in vocal self-perception between those who smoked and those who did not. The majority of trans women expressed a desire for their voices to sound more feminine, particularly among smokers.

Objetivo: Verificar la relación entre el tabaquismo, edad, escolaridad y la autopercepción vocal de mujeres trans. Métodos: Estudio observacional transversal cuantitativo realizado con 24 mujeres trans mayores de 18 años, que viven en su género afirmado durante 6 meses. Para la recolección de datos se utilizaron preguntas seleccionadas de la versión portuguesa traducida y autorizada del Trans Woman Voice Questionnaire (TWVQ) y datos sobre edad, educación, ocupación y tabaquismo. Todas las variables se analizaron descriptivamente y la asociación con el tabaquismo se realizó mediante las pruebas Chi-cuadrado de Pearson, Exacta de Fisher, T de Student y Mann Whitney, con un nivel de significación del 5%. Resultados: La edad promedio de las mujeres trans fue de 28,2 +/- 6,5 (rango 21 - 48). La mayoría de las participantes (41,6%) había terminado la escuela secundaria con carreras muy diversas. Respecto al tabaquismo, el 58,3% de las mujeres fuman actualmente o han fumado al menos 100 cigarrillos en su vida. Hubo una asociación estadísticamente significativa entre el tabaquismo y la edad (p = 0,001), en la que la edad promedio entre los fumadores (24,9 años) fue menor que la de los no fumadores (32,9 años). No hubo significación estadística entre el tabaquismo, la educación y la autopercepción vocal. Solo 9 (37,5%) mujeres trans actualmente consideran su voz femenina y 17 (70,7%) dijeron que la voz ideal podría sonar más femenina. Limitación: La pequeña casuística puede haber limitado la identificación de diferencias entre los grupos analizados a través de pruebas estadísticas. Conclusión: El tabaquismo fue alto entre las mujeres trans, especialmente las más jóvenes. La autopercepción vocal no fue estadísticamente diferente entre los grupos de fumadores y no fumadores. La mayoría de las mujeres trans dijeron que sus voces podrían sonar más femeninas, especialmente las fumadoras.

Sex and Body Mass Index differences after one-year follow-up of an eating disorders risk factors universal prevention intervention in university students in Mexico City / Diferencias por sexo e índice de masa corporal a un año de seguimiento de una intervención de prevención universal para disminuir factores de riesgo para los trastornos de la conducta alimentaria en estudiantes universitarios de la Ciudad de México

Abstract Introduction Interventions based on cognitive dissonance theory are the most effective for preventing eating disorders. Objective To identify the changes at one year follow-up of a universal prevention intervention in disordered eating behaviors (DEB), thin-ideal internalization (TII), and drive for muscularity (DM). Method A pre-experimental, pretest-posttest study was conducted on 602 university student subjects (76.1% women and 23.9% men) with an average age of 20.74 years at a public (30.6%) and a private university (69.4%) in Mexico City. A Split Plot ANOVA was performed with the intrasubject variable equal to each measurement (pretest, posttest, and follow-up), as well as the sex and body mass index (BMI) intersubject variables to analyze whether there was a significant interaction between these variables and the changes in dependent variables, as well as the changes through each measurement by group. Results In the intrasubject analyses, statistically significant differences were found for DEB through the various measurements, without taking the interactions into account. Statistically significant interactions were observed between each measurement and BMI, and between each measurement and sex and BMI for the DM variable. Discussion and conclusion Since a reduction of TII in women and DM in men was achieved, together with a decrease in DEB in women, the workshop can be said to have fully achieved its objectives for women and partly so for men.

Resumen Introducción Las intervenciones basadas en la teoría de la disonancia cognoscitiva son las más efectivas para la prevención de los trastornos de la conducta alimentaria. Objetivo Conocer los cambios a un año de seguimiento de una intervención de prevención universal en las conductas alimentarias de riesgo (CAR), interiorización del ideal estético de la delgadez (IED) y la motivación por la musculatura (MM). Método Se llevó a cabo un estudio pre-experimental pretest-postest en 602 (76.1% mujeres y 23.9% hombres) sujetos estudiantes universitarios con una edad promedio de 20.74 años en una universidad pública (30.6%) y una privada (69.4%) de la Ciudad de México. Se realizó un ANOVA split plot con la variable intrasujetos igual a cada medición (pretest, postest y seguimiento) así como el sexo y el índice de masa corporal (IMC) variables intersujetos, para analizar si existía una interacción significativa entre dichas variables y los cambios sobre las variables dependientes, así como los cambios a través de cada medición por grupo. Resultados en los análisis intrasujetos se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas para las CAR a través de las distintas mediciones, sin tomar en cuenta las interacciones. Se observaron interacciones estadísticamente significativas entre cada medición y el IMC, y entre cada medición con el sexo y el IMC para la variable MM. Discusión y conclusión Se logró la reducción de la IED en las mujeres y de la MM en los hombres, así como la disminución de las CAR en las mujeres por lo que se considera que el taller logra sus objetivos para las mujeres y parcialmente para los varones.

Uma leitura psicanalítica sobre o consumo de manipulações corporais na contemporaneidade / Une lecture psychanalytique sur la consommation des manipulations corporelles à l'époque contemporaine / A psychoanalytical reading on the consumption of body manipulations in contemporary times

O presente artigo visa abordar o fenômeno contemporâneo do consumo de manipulações corporais do tipo estético a partir da teoria e da clínica psicanalíticas. Nossa hipótese de pesquisa é que a menor potência do ideal do eu em sua vertente de interdito afeta a consistência da imagem corporal, culminando em um sofrimento psíquico provocado pelo desregramento pulsional. Indagamos se a intervenção no corpo poderia apaziguar a relação imaginária através de uma idealização do corpo vendida como mercadoria

Cet article vise à aborder le phénomène contemporain de consommation de manipulations corporelles de type esthétique en s'appuyant sur la théorie et la clinique psychanalytiques. Notre hypothèse de recherche est que la puissance inférieure de l'Idéal du Moi dans son aspect d'interdit affecte la cohérence de l'imagecorporelle, culminant dans la souffrance psychique causée par le trouble instinctif. Nous nous sommes demandé si l'intervention sur le corps pouvait apaiser la relation imaginaire par une idéalisation du corps vendu comme une marchandise

This article aims to address the contemporary phenomenon of consumption of body manipulations of the aesthetic type based on psychoanalytic theory and clinics. Our research hypothesis is that the lower power of the ego ideal in its interdict aspect affects the consistency of the body image, culminating in psychic suffering caused by instinctual disorder. We asked whether intervention in the body could appease the imaginary relationship through an idealization of the body sold as a merchandise.

Quality Evaluation of Mori Cortex from Different Producing Areas Based on Entropy Weight-TOPSIS Method / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo evaluate the quality of Mori Cortex from different producing areas by the entropy weight-technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution（TOPSIS）， and to provide a new evaluation method for the quality control of Mori Cortex. MethodAccording to the five key indexes of color， thickness， texture， powdery and cortex remain， a subjective scoring table was designed to evaluate the appearance of Mori Cortex. High performance liquid chromatography（HPLC） was used to determine the fingerprint and the contents of multiple components（mulberroside A， chlorogenic acid， oxyresveratrol， mulberroside C， sanggenone D， sanggenone C， morusin）， and chemometrics was used to explore the differential components of Mori Cortex from different habitats. On this basis， TOPSIS was used to comprehensively evaluate the quality of Mori Cortex from different habitats， and SPSS 22.0 software was used to carry out bivariate correlation analysis between thickness and appearance color with contents of seven components of Mori Cortex. ResultThose with lighter color， thicker root bark， tougher texture， sufficient powder and less cortex remain scored higher， and the top five were all from Anhui. The established fingerprint and determination methods were stable and reliable. Partial least squares-discriminant analysis（PLS-DA） screened three components with the variable importance in the projection（VIP） value>1（mulberroside A， sanggenone D， sanggenone C）， which made an important contribution to the difference in the origin of Mori Cortex. Correlation analysis showed that there was a significantly positive correlation between mulberroside C with lightness value（L*） and total chromaticity value（E*ab） and mulberroside A with yellow-blue value（b*）（P<0.05， P<0.01）， a significantly negative correlation between sanggenone C with b* and between morusin with L*（P<0.05， P<0.01）. And there was a significantly negative correlation between mulberroside A， chlorogenic acid， and morusin with thickness（P<0.01）， a clearly negative correlation between sanggenone D with thickness（P<0.05）， a significantly positive correlation between sanggenone C with thickness（P<0.01）. TOPSIS comprehensive scores showed that the samples from Anhui had a good score and ranked high. ConclusionThere are great differences in the quality of Mori Cortex from different habitats， and those with the close habitats show similar characteristics in appearance and component content， and lighter color and less cortex were positively correlated with the quality. Among them， the quality of Mori Cortex from Anhui is relatively good.

Comprehensive quality evaluation of Tangwei capsule based on HPLC-QAMS multi-index quantitative determination combined with chemometrics and EW-TOPSIS method / 浙江大学学报·医学版

OBJECTIVES@#To detect the contents of Tangwei capsule main components with high performance liquid chromatography-quantitative analysis of multicomponents by single marker (HPLC-QAMS) method and to evaluate the quality with chemometrics and entropy weight-technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution (EW-TOPSIS).@*METHODS@#A symmetry C18 column and 0.1% formic acid-acetonitrile as mobile phase were used for HPLC of Tangwei capsule. The contents of 3'-hydroxypuerarin, puerarin, 3'-methoxypuerarin, methylnissolin-3-O-glucoside, calycosin, formononetin, rosmarinic acid, salvianolic acid B, dihydrotanshinone Ⅰ, cryptotanshinone, tanshinone Ⅰ, tanshinone ⅡA and cucurbitacin B in 15 batches of Tangwei capsule were determined simultaneously. The quality differences of 15 batches of samples were analyzed by chemometrics and EW-TOPSIS.@*RESULTS@#The HPLC-UV showed that 13 components had good linear relationships in corresponding concentration ranges (r≥0.9991). The relative standard deviations (RSD) of precision, repeatability and stability were all less than 2.00%. The average recovery rates were between 96.86% and 100.13%, and RSD were all less than 2.00%. Cluster analysis showed that 15 batches of samples were clustered into 3 groups. Partial least squares-discriminant analysis showed that salvianolic acid B, formononetin, puerarin, 3'-methoxypuerarin and rosmarinic acid were the main potential markers affecting the quality of Tangwei capsule. EW-TOPSIS analysis showed that the quality of S12-S15 was superior.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The analytical method established in this study can be used for the comprehensive evaluation of the quality of Tangwei capsule to provide laboratory support for its quality control and overall evaluation.

O luto da ciência ideal / The mourning of ideal science / Le deuil de la science idéale / El duelo de la ciencia ideal

Resumo A ciência moderna tem sido objeto de idealizações desde sua emergência, as quais parecem perdurar mesmo após revisões e críticas presentes na filosofia da ciência contemporânea. Isso indica que parte das tentativas de readequação da imagem que se constrói sobre a ciência - e dos discursos que circulam sobre ela - não parece ter efeito. Propomos, neste artigo, que essas dificuldades resultam, em parte, da complexidade em lidar com os investimentos libidinais dos processos de idealização. Isso é indicado com base na teoria psicanalítica e na filosofia da ciência, sendo seguido por um trabalho conceitual sobre os mecanismos atuantes em processos identificatórios e nos possíveis efeitos da perda de um ideal, sustentando a necessidade de realização de um luto. Assim, afirmamos que desidealizar a ciência é, sobretudo, uma maneira de fortalecê-la.

Abstract Modern science has been object of idealizations since its appearance, which persist even after revisions and criticisms present in the contemporary philosophy of science. This indicates that many attempts of readjusting the image constructed about science - and the discourses about it - seem to have no effect. Thus, we propose in this article that these difficulties result, in part, from the complexity of dealing with libidinal investments of the idealization processes. This is indicated based on psychoanalytic theory and philosophy of science, being followed by a conceptual work on the mechanisms that act in identification processes and on the possible effects of the loss of an ideal, sustaining the need for mourning. Therefore, we affirm that "de-idealizing" science is, above all, a way to strengthen it.

Résumé La science moderne a fait l'objet d'idéalisations depuis son émergence, qui semblent perdurer même après les révisions et les critiques présentes dans la philosophie de la science contemporaine. Cela indique qu'une partie des tentatives de réajustement de l'image que l'on se fait de la science - et des discours qui circulent à son sujet - ne semblent pas avoir d'effet. Par conséquent, nous proposons dans cet article que ces difficultés résultent, en partie, de la complexité à traiter les investissements libidinaux des processus d'idéalisation. Ceci s'appuie sur la théorie psychanalytique et la philosophie des sciences, suivi d'un travail conceptuel sur les mécanismes agissant dans les processus d'identification et sur les effets possibles de la perte d'un idéal, soutenant le besoin de deuil. Ainsi, nous affirmons que la désidéalisation de la science est, avant tout, une manière de la renforcer.

Resumen Desde su surgimiento, la ciencia moderna viene siendo objeto de idealizaciones, las cuales parecen persistir, incluso, después de revisiones y críticas presentes en la filosofía de la ciencia contemporánea. Esto indica que parte de los intentos de reajustar la imagen que se construye sobre la ciencia - y los discursos sobre ella - parecen no surtir efecto. Este artículo plantea que estas dificultades provienen, en parte, de la complejidad de lidiar con las inversiones libidinales de los procesos de idealización. Esto se fundamenta en la teoría psicoanalítica y la filosofía de la ciencia, y sigue de un trabajo conceptual sobre los mecanismos que actúan en los procesos de identificación y sobre los posibles efectos de la pérdida de un ideal, que sostiene la necesidad del duelo. Por tanto, se defiende que desidealizar la ciencia es una forma de fortalecerla.

Determination of the ideal timing of delivery among growth- restricted fetuses at less than 32 weeks age of gestation using a stage-based doppler protocol for admitted patients at the Philippine Children’s Medical Center

OBJECTIVES@#Early onset fetal growth restriction substantially contributes to neonatal mor-bidities and mortalities. The main dilemma lies on the timing of delivery, especially for pre- and peri-viable fetuses, due to the challenge in creating an ideal balance of minimized in-utero hy- poxia-induced fetal injury or death versus the risks of iatrogenic preterm delivery. We wished to determine the ideal timing of delivery among growth-restricted fetuses <32 weeks gestation us- ing a stage-based doppler protocol.@*MATERIALS AND METHODS@#A retrospective-cohort study of 67 singleton-pregnant wom- en with growth restriction at <32 weeks gestation and hospitalized from January 2010 to Sep- tember 2021 was conducted. Medical records were reviewed, and the outcomes were extracted. The primary outcomes were arterial pH at birth and mortality, while secondary outcomes includ- ed neonatal morbidities.@*RESULTS@#Fetal growth restriction progressed by an average of 3 stages (41.79%) within a 2- to 3.5-week period. More than half had arterial pH <7.20, which was lowest at Stage II FGR (50.00%). The prevalence of neonatal mortality was 16.42% and was lowest at Stage I (8.70%) and Stage II FGR (18.75%).@*CONCLUSION@#Doppler studies may be conducted weekly for Stage I, biweekly for Stage II, every 1-2 days for Stage III and every 12 hours for Stage IV. Delivery is ideal at Stage II as this resulted in the least number of acidosis and neonatal mortalities.

Concepções e práticas sobre uma sociedade ideal: uma análise sobre representações sociais / Conceptions and practices about an ideal society: an analysis of social representations / Concepciones y prácticas sobre una sociedad ideal: un análisis de las representaciones sociales

As representações sociais consistem em princípios organizadores do pensamento social e, portanto, compreendem o conhecimento construído e compartilhado nas interações sociais. Este conhecimento possibilita a construção de posicionamentos e julgamentos direcionados a fatos sociais. A partir desta perspectiva, o objetivo da presente pesquisa foi conhecer as representações sociais de brasileiros sobre a sociedade ideal e sobre as ações a nível individual e governamental que esse grupo acreditam ser necessárias para a construção dessa sociedade. Os resultados indicaram que o posicionamento ideológico dos participantes se caracterizou, sobretudo, a partir da presença de valores igualitários, e que estes valores foram o ponto de ancoragem das representações sociais sobre a sociedade ideal e sobre as ações necessárias para obtê-la. (AU)

Social representations consist of organizing principles of social thinking and, therefore, comprise knowledge constructed and shared in social interactions. This knowledge enables the construction of positions and judgments directed to social facts. From this perspective, the objective of this research was to know the social representations of Brazilians about the ideal society and about the actions at individual and governmental level that this group believe are necessary for the construction of this society. The results indicated that the ideological positioning of the participants was characterized, above all, by the presence of egalitarian values and that these values were the anchor point of social representations about the ideal society and about the actions necessary to obtain it. (AU)

Las representaciones sociales consisten en principios ordenadores del pensa-miento social, y por lo tanto, comprenden el conocimiento construidoy compartido en las interacciones sociales. Este conocimiento torna posible la construcción de posiciones y juicios direccionados a factos sociales. Desde esta perspectiva, el objetivo de esta investigación fue conocer las representaciones sociales de brasileños acerca de la sociedad ideal y que acciones, a nivel indivi-dual y gubernamental, estos individuos piensan que pueden contribuir para la construcción de esta sociedad. Se verificó que el posicionamiento ideológico de los participantes se caracteriza sobre todo por la presencia de valores iguali-tarios y que estos valores fueron el punto de encorajen de las representaciones acerca de la sociedad ideal de las acciones necesarias para obtenerla. (AU)

Prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad. Problema de salud en la comunidad universitaria y politécnica ecuatoriana / Prevalence of overweight and obesity. Health problem in the Ecuadorian university and polytechnic community

RESUMEN Objetivo: Analizar investigaciones relacionados con la prevalencia de bajo peso, sobrepeso y obesidad en el ámbito universitario para determinar los indicadores de la determinación de este problema de salud. Método: Revisión descriptiva, la búsqueda bibliográfica se realizó a partir de las bases de datos como Scielo, Dialnet, Lilacs, Scopus. PubMed y Portal Regional de la BVS. Que permitió seleccionar 33 artículos científicos. Resultados y conclusiónes: A partir de las investigaciones consultadas los investigadores determinar que, en la mayoría de estas, se da a conocer resultados sobre la prevalencia de obesidad y sobrepeso, sin tener en cuenta el bajo peso y normopeso. Además, en las investigaciones abordadas para determinar la prevalencia de la obesidad y sobrepeso, se realiza a partir del IMC con los datos de la talla y peso corporal de los sujetos investigados y factores los factores sociodemográficos de la población investigada.

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze research related to the prevalence of underweight, overweight and obesity in the university setting in order to determine the indicators of the determination of this health problem. Method: Descriptive review, the bibliographic search was carried out using databases such as Scielo, Dialnet, Lilacs, Scopus. PubMed and Regional Portal of the VHL. Which allowed the selection of 33 scientific articles. Results and conclusions: From the researches consulted, the researchers determined that, in most of these, results on the prevalence of obesity and overweight are reported, without taking into account underweight and normal weight. In addition, in the researches approached to determine the prevalence of obesity and overweight, it is done from the BMI with the data of the height and body weight of the investigated subjects and the sociodemographic factors of the investigated population.

Effects of disordered eating behaviors and sedentary lifestyle prevention program in male and female Mexican adolescents / Efectos de un programa de prevención de conductas alimentarias de riesgo y sedentarismo en adolescentes mexicanos, hombres y mujeres

Abstract Introduction Adolescents are the group with the highest risk of developing disordered eating behaviors (DEB). Preventing this problem is of the utmost importance due to the physical and psychological consequences. Objective To evaluate the effects of a universal prevention program for disordered eating behaviors (DEB), thin ideal internalization (TII), drive for muscularity (DM), and sedentary lifestyle among Mexican adolescents. Method A quasi-experimental study with repeated measures (pre-test, post-test, six-month, and one-year follow-up) was carried out in a non-probabilistic sample of 523 adolescents (46.7% of females) aged 15-19 years (Mage = 16.07). We worked in two private high schools, one of them was designed as control group (CG), and the other as intervention group (IG). For both, female and male adolescents', data were collected using the Brief Questionnaire for Disordered Eating Behaviors (BQDEB) and the short form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). To evaluate TII the Attitudes toward Body Figure Questionnaire was applied in females, while in males Drive for Muscularity Scale (DMS) was used. Results After one-year, repeated measures analyses of variance (ANOVAs) revealed a significant reduction of the mean DEBs scores both in female (p = .01) and male (p = .03) adolescents of the IG with respect to CG. In IG, females decreased significantly the mean TII score as well as the mean DM score in males. Physical Activity increased in IG females from pre-test to posttest; however, the effect was not maintained over time. Discussion and conclusion These findings have important implications for future interventions with Mexican adolescents. We must take sex differences into account to choose activities and strategies that will enhance the effects of the program.

Resumen Introducción Los adolescentes constituyen el grupo con mayor riesgo de desarrollar conductas alimentarias de riesgo (CAR). Prevenirlas es de suma importancia debido a las consecuencias físicas y psicosociales. Objetivo Evaluar los efectos de un programa de prevención universal en conductas alimentarias de riesgo (CAR), interiorización del ideal de delgadez (IID), obsesión por la musculatura (OM) y sedentarismo en adolescentes mexicanos. Método Estudio cuasi-experimental con medidas repetidas (pre-test, post-test, seguimiento a seis meses y un año) en una muestra no probabilística de 523 adolescentes (46.7% mujeres) de 15-19 años de edad (Medad = 16.07). Se trabajó en dos escuelas preparatorias privadas, una como grupo control (GC) y otra como grupo intervenido (GI). Para mujeres y hombres, los datos se recolectaron usando el Cuestionario Breve para Conductas Alimentarias de Riesgo (CBCAR) y la versión corta del Cuestionario Internacional de Actividad Física (IPAQ). Para evaluar el IID en mujeres, se utilizó el Cuestionario de Actitudes hacia la Figura Corporal (CAFC) y en hombres la Escala para Obsesión por la Musculatura (DMS). Resultados Después de un año, el ANOVA de medidas repetidas mostró una reducción significativa en la media de CAR, tanto en mujeres (p = .01) como en hombres (p = .03) del GI respecto al GC. En el GI, la media de IID en mujeres disminuyó significativamente, así como la media de OM en hombres. La actividad física aumentó en las mujeres del GI desde el pre-test hasta el post-test; sin embargo, el efecto no se mantuvo en el tiempo. Discusión y conclusión Estos hallazgos tienen implicaciones para futuras intervenciones con adolescentes mexicanos. Se deben tomar en cuenta las diferencias por sexo para elegir las actividades y las estrategias que potenciarían los efectos del programa.

Problems Of Energy On Planet Earth

A fundamentally new direction in the theory and practice of quantum nonlinear phenomena in non-ideal and very close to non-degenerate plasma has been developed, for the first time the existence of a new state of matter-imperfect plasma-quantum plasma condensate, combining the properties of ordinary liquid and ionized plasma, has been theoretically predicted and confirmed. The quantum non-ideality of non-degenerate plasma and the exchange interaction of electrons in it, leading to effective energy release in the plasma process under study, were investigated. The directions of use of this energy have been determined: for heating, lighting, conversion by means of photocells or MHD-movements into electrical, for obtaining energy in the ultraviolet range. Particular attention in the work is paid to one of the most popular applications of quantum non-ideal plasma - for heating, at which its plasma combustion occurs, and the generation of electrical energy based on the use of a quantum plasma-MHD generator with plasma delamination. Detection of this kind of phase state of non-ideal non-degenerate plasma and its use in engineering and technology will create a fundamentally new effective energy system corresponding to the Sixth Technological Order on a global scale. This source of energy is the only environmentally friendly, not destroying or polluting our planet, and its use cleanses our ecosphere. The paper shows that the use of existing energy undermines people's health, reduces their immunity and resistance to coronaviruses. Measures have been proposed to end coronavirus pandemics on Earth. Information is provided on the technical capabilities of the proposed fundamentally new structures - Universal Modules of Industrial Disintegrators / Activators, which allow to implement grandiose, payback state projects on the basis of the developed nanotechnologies, representing the work of tens of millions of people

Ideal Pedagógico, Religioso, Social y Ecológico de San Francisco de Asís / Pedagogical, Religious, Social, and Ecological Ideal of St. Francis of Assisi

Resumen En torno al ideal Pedagógico, religioso, social y ecológico de San Francisco de Asís se congregaron, para compenetrarse de él, no solo sus discípulos, sino el mundo de su época hasta nuestros días. Es lo que podría llamarse el triunfo del amor y del ideal. Su propuesta de vida, despertaron no solo la admiración, sino que se constituye en una propuesta para hacer frente a una aguda crisis civilizatoria hoy.

Abstract Around the pedagogical, religious, social, and ecological ideal of St. Francis of Assisi, not only his disciples, but also the world of his time, up to the present day, gathered around him to understand him. It is what could be called the triumph of love and the ideal. His proposal of life, awakened not only admiration, but it also constitutes a proposal to face an acute crisis of civilization today.

Índice de masa corporal, peso ideal y porcentaje de grasacorporal en personas de diferentes grupos etarios / Body mass index, ideal weight and percentage of body fat inpeople of different age groups

El objetivo es comparar el IMC con el porcentaje de grasa corporal y el peso ideal, para complementar el IMC en el diagnóstico de obesidad, de un grupo de adultos. Métodos: estudio descriptivo, transversal, prospectivo y correlacional, en una muestra de 797 adultos con edad entre 17 y 96 años, atendidos en diferentes centros clínicos de Caracas, entre 2015 y 2018. Las variables son: edad, peso, talla y se calcularon el IMC, porcentaje de grasa corporal (PGC) y peso ideal (PI). Se clasificaron por sexo, grupo etáreo y según el IMC en normalidad y obesidad. Se utilizaron dos fórmulas para el PGC: Deurenberg y Regresión; y tres fórmulas para PI: Lorenz, Ramírez et al y Broca. Se obtuvieron medidas descriptivas, asociación, correlación, comparación de promedios y prueba de normalidad, mediante el soware Excel, Epidat.2. Resultados: Promedios de IMC y PGC aumentan hasta los 40 años y disminuye hasta los 79 años, las variables Talla ­ PI Broca, e IMC- PGCR correlacionan bien (r>0,75). Los promedios del IMC, PGCD, PGCR, PI Broca y PI Lorenz, según sexo, son significativos (p<0,000); para el IMC, en Normalidad y Obesidad, los promedios de peso, IMC, PGCD y PGCR son mayores en grupo de Obesidad, y significativos (p<0,000). La prueba de normalidad Shapiro-Francia comprobó que la distribución del IMC, PGCD, PGCR y PI Lorenz, provienen de una población distribuida normalmente (p< 0,000). Conclusiones: el IMC aun cuando es utilizado más frecuentemente para diagnosticar obesidad, clasifica con normalidad, a quienes tienen un alto porcentaje de grasa corporal(AU)

The objective is to compare BMI with the percentage of body fat and ideal weight, to supplement BMI in the diagnosis of obesity, from a group of adults. METHODS: descriptive, cross-cutting, prospective and correlational study, in a sample of 797 adults between 17 and 96 years old, attended in different clinical centers of Caracas, between 2015 and 2018. the variables are: age, weight, size and BMI was calculated, percentage of body fat (BFP) and ideal weight (IW). they were classified by sex, age group and BMI in normality and obesity. Two formulas were used for BFP: Deurenberg and Regression; and three formulas for IW: Lorenz, Ramirez-Lopez et al and Broca. Descriptive measures, association, correlation, average comparison and normality test were obtained, using Excel software, Epidat.2. RESULT: BMI and BFP averages increase to 40 years and decrease to age 79, the variables Size ­ IW Broca, and BMI- BFPR correlate well (r>0.75). e average BMI, BFPD, BFPR, IW Broca and IW Lorenz, depending on gender, are significant (p<0.000); for BMI, in Normality and Obesity, the weight averages, BMI, BFPD and BFPR are higher in the Obesity group, and significant (p<0,000). the Shapiro-France normality test found that the distribution of BMI, BFPD, BFPR and IW Lorenz, comes from a normally distributed population (p< 0.000). CONCLUSIONS: BMI even though it is most commonly used to diagnose obesity, it classifies normally, those with a high percentage of body fat(AU)

"morrer de vergonha": uma investigação psicanalítica sobre vergonha, humilhação e abjeção na migração de retorno / "die of shame": a psychoanalytic investigation of shame, humiliation and abjection in return migration

RESUMO: A migração de retorno se tornou apenas recentemente objeto de pesquisas no campo da saúde mental. A experiência do migrante de retorno em sua comunidade de origem o expõe aos olhares de alteridade que apontam para a fragilidade tanto de seus ideais egóicos como daqueles partilhados com o grupo cultural, particularmente quando o retorno se faz "com as mãos abanando". Com duas vinhetas clínicas tiradas de uma pesquisa conduzida no Senegal entre 2014 e 2019, abordamos esse cenário no qual os sujeitos enfrentam vergonha, humilhação e abjeção quando retornam, ficando condenados a um espaço marginal de entre-dois migratório.

Abstract: Return migration has only recently become subject of research in the field of mental health. The experience of the returning migrant in his community of origin exposes him to the eyes of otherness that point to the fragility of both his ego ideals and those shared with the cultural group, particularly when the return is made "with empty hands". With two clinical vignettes taken from a survey conducted in Senegal between 2014 and 2019, we approach this scenario in which the subjects face shame, humiliation and abjection when they return, being condemned to a "migratory between-two" marginal space.

Dissection borders of laparoscopic lower mediastinal lymphadenectomy for adenocarcinoma of esophagogastric junction and the quality control / 中华胃肠外科杂志

The lower mediastinal lymphadenectomy is indicated for adenocarcinoma of esophagogastric junction (AEG), while the laparoscopic procedure shows some advantages. According to previous studies and results of IDEAL phase 2a study in our institute, the following structures are recommended as the dissection borders: the upper (cranial) is inferior wall of pericardium and pulmonary ligament; the lower (caudal) is diaphragm hiatus (esophagogastric junction); the front (ventral) is anterior inferior wall of pericardium and diaphragm; the back (dorsal) is anterior wall of aorta; the lateral is mediastinal pleura. The standard of quality control is still under investigation.

Conduct high-quality clinical studies in rectal cancer surgery based upon the IDEAL frame-work and recommendations / 中华消化外科杂志

The idea, development, exploration, assessment, and long-term follow-up (IDEAL) framework and recommendations provide a guiding path for high-quality research and practice for surgical technology innovation. Transanal total mesorectal excision, as a new technology in the field of colorectal surgery, has evolved step by step following the IDEAL framework. At the technical design and development stage, the technique feasibility is verified. At the exploratory stage, small-scale clinical practice is conducted, standardized diagnosis and treatment and surgical technique are developed, and structured training is carried out. During the assessment stage, large-scale rando-mized controlled studies are conducted to confirm the safety and efficacy. Subsequently, long-term monitoring and follow-up of the technique is carried out in clinical practice. All the processes become good example in the field of surgical clinical research. The authors summarize the pioneering works of the research team in quality control, in order to provide references for peers.

Optimal design of tuned mass dampers through differential evolution method for reducing the dynamic response of structures subjected to earthquake loads / Diseño óptimo de amortiguadores de masa sintonizada mediante evolución diferencial para reducir la respuesta dinámica de estructuras sujetas a cargas sísmicas / Projeto ótimo de amortecedores de massa usando evolução diferencial para reduzir a resposta dinâmica das estruturas sob cargas sísmicas

ABSTRACT This paper introduces a methodology for the optimal design of passive Tuned Mass Dampers (TMDs) to control the dynamic response of buildings subjected to earthquake loads. The selection process of the optimal design parameters is carried out through a metaheuristic approach based on differential evolution (DE) which is a fast, efficient, and precise technique that does not require high computational efforts. The algorithm is aimed to reduce the maximum horizontal peak displacement of the structure and the root mean square (RMS) response of displacements as well. Furthermore, four more objective functions derived from multiple weighted linear combinations of the two previously mentioned parameters are also studied to obtain the most efficient TMD design configuration. A parallel process based on an exhaustive search (ES) with precision to 2 decimal positions is used to validate the optimization methodology based on DE. The proposed methodology is then applied to a 32-story case-study derived from an actual building structure and subjected to different ground acceleration registers. The best dynamic performance of the building is observed when the greatest weight is given to the RMS response of displacement in the optimization process. Finally the numerical results reveal that the proposed methodology based on DE is effective in finding the optimal TMD design configuration by reducing the maximum floor displacement up to 4% and RMS values of displacement of up to 52% in the case-study building.

RESUMEN Este artículo presenta una metodología para el diseño óptimo de Amortiguadores de Masa Sintonizada (AMS) para el control de la respuesta dinámica de edificios sometidos a cargas sísmicas. El proceso de selección de los parámetros óptimos de diseño se realiza mediante un enfoque metaheurístico basado en Evolución Diferencial (ED) la cual es una técnica rápida, eficiente y precisa que no requiere grandes esfuerzos computacionales. El algoritmo tiene como objetivo reducir el desplazamiento de pico horizontal máximo de la estructura y también la media cuadrática (Valor eficaz) de desplazamientos. Adicionalmente, se estudian otras cuatro funciones objetivo derivadas de múltiples combinaciones lineales ponderadas de los dos parámetros mencionados anteriormente para obtener la configuración de diseño del AMS más eficiente. De forma paralela, se utiliza un proceso basado en una búsqueda exhaustiva (ES) con precisión a 2 posiciones decimales para validar la metodología de optimización basada en DE. Posteriormente, la metodología propuesta se aplica a un caso de estudio derivado de un edificio real de 32 pisos sometido a diferentes registros sísmicos de aceleración del suelo. Se observa un mejor comportamiento dinámico del edificio cuando se le da el mayor peso a la respuesta RMS de desplazamiento en el proceso de optimización. Finalmente, los resultados numéricos revelan que la metodología propuesta basada en DE es efectiva para encontrar la configuración óptima de diseño de TMD al reducir el desplazamiento máximo del piso hasta en un 43% y los valores RMS de desplazamiento de hasta el 52% en el caso de estudio.

RESUMO Este artigo apresenta uma metodologia para a otimização de amortecedores de massa sintonizados (TMD) para o controle da resposta dinâmica de edifícios sujeitos a cargas sísmicas. O processo de seleção dos parâmetros ótimos é realizado mediante uma abordagem metaheunstica baseada na Evolução Diferencial (DE) que é uma técnica rápida, eficiente e precisa que não requer de grandes esforços computacionais. O algoritmo visa reduzir o deslocamento máximo do pico horizontal da estrutura e também os deslocamentos da raiz quadrada média (RMS). Além disso, quatro outras funções objetivo derivadas de distintas combinações lineares ponderadas dos dois parâmetros de resposta já mencionados, são estudadas para obter a configuração de TMD mais eficiente. Em paralelo, um processo de busca exaustiva (ES) com precisão de 2 casas decimais é usado para validar a metodologia de otimização baseada na DE. Posteriormente, a metodologia proposta é aplicada a um caso de estudo derivado de um edifício real de 32 andares sujeito a diferentes registros de aceleração sísmica do solo. É observado um melhor comportamento dinâmico do edifício quando é dada uma maior ponderação no processo de otimização à resposta de deslocamento RMS. Finalmente, os resultados numéricos revelam que a metodologia proposta fundamentada na DE é eficaz para encontrar os parâmetros ótimos do TMD, reduzindo o pico de deslocamento máximo em até 43% e os valores de deslocamento RMS em até 52% no caso estudado.

Infância e ideais na palavra de educadores: entre a criança-sujeito e a criança-objeto / Infancia e ideales en la palabra de los educadores: entre el sujeto-niño y el objeto-niño / Childhood and ideals in the word of educators: between the subject-child and the object-child

O artigo é fruto da pesquisa intitulada "Infância, adolescência e mal-estar na escolarização: estudo de casos em psicanálise e educação". Partindo da interlocução entre psicanálise e educação e do estudo de casos como método de pesquisa, cinco casos de crianças e adolescentes encaminhados pela escola à psiquiatria foram acompanhados, visando mapear o modo como se produz mal-estar na escolarização. A pesquisa partiu da investigação de quatro eixos discursivos: sujeito, família, especialistas e escola. Abordaremos, especificamente, um recorte da análise do eixo escola, baseados em transcrições de entrevistas com educadores e relatórios escolares anexados aos prontuários dos casos. Precisamente discutiremos a categoria ideal de aluno, extraída do discurso dos educadores e subcategorizada em criança-sujeito e criança-objeto. Ao final, discutimos a importância de criar espaços que favoreçam a flexibilização do olhar do educador para o aluno, na tensão entre o ideal e o real, suportando o mal-estar frente ao impossível do todo-educar.(AU)

This article results from the research entitled "Childhood, adolescence and malaise in schooling: case studies in psychoanalysis and education". From the interlocution between psychoanalysis and education and the study of cases as a research method, five cases of childs and adolescents forwarded by school to psychiatry were accompanied aiming to map how malaise occurs in schooling. The research started from the investigation of four discursive axis: subject, family, specialists and school. We'll specifically approach a selected part of school axis analysis, based on transcripts of interviews with educators and school reports attached to the cases files. Precisely we'll discuss the constructed category Ideal Student, extracted from the speech of educators and subcategorized in Subject-child and Object-child. We'll discuss the importance of create spaces that favor the flexibility of educator's gaze to students, in the tension between the ideal and the real, sustaining the malaise coming from the impossible of all-educate.(AU)

El artículo es el resultado de una investigación titulada "Infancia, adolescencia y malestar en la escolarización: estudios de caso en psicoanálisis y educación". A partir del diálogo entre psicoanálisis y educación y el estudio de casos como método de investigación, se siguieron cinco casos de niños y adolescentes remitidos por la escuela a psiquiatría con el fin de mapear la forma en que se produce el malestar en la escolarización. La investigación de la investigación de cuatro ejes discursivos: sujeto, familia, especialistas y escuela. Específicamente abordaremos un análisis del eje escuela, a partir de transcripciones de entrevistas con educadores e informes escolares adjuntos a los expedientes del caso. Precisamente discutiremos la categoría ideal de estudiante, extraída del discurso de los educadores y subcategorizada en sujeto-niño y objeto-niño. Al final, discutimos la importancia de crear espacios que favorezcan una mirada más flexible del educador al alumno, en la tensión entre lo ideal y lo real, soportando el malestar ante lo imposible de todo-educar.(AU)

Riesgo para desarrollar interiorización del ideal estético de la delgadez en adolescentes mexicanas Título abreviado: Asociación de riesgo e ideal estético de delgadez / Risk to develop body thin-ideal internalization in Mexican female adolescents

Resumen En mujeres se ha reportado que a mayor índice de masa corporal (IMC), mayor interiorización del ideal estético de la delgadez (IIED), y mayor seguimiento de conductas alimentarias de riesgo (CAR). El objetivo de esta investigación consistió en determinar la presencia de CAR y de IIED en mujeres adolescentes de Hidalgo, México y su asociación tanto entre ellas como con el IMC, el porcentaje de grasa corporal (PGC), los tiempos de comida (TC) y la actividad física (AF). El estudio fue de tipo transversal con un diseño no experimental descriptivo y de asociación en una muestra no probabilística de 220 mujeres de preparatoria, de entre 14 a 18 años de edad (Medad= 15.9 ± .99), quienes respondieron una batería de cuestionarios validados. Para obtener el IMC, cada participante fue pesada y medida, mientras que el PGC se obtuvo por bioimpedancia eléctrica. Los resultados arrojaron que 17.3 % de la muestra presentó riesgo moderado y 15.5 % alto de CAR; mientras que 23.2 % registró riesgo de IIED. Se encontró que el IMC aumenta significativamente 2.7 veces el riesgo de IIED y de CAR 2.5 veces; la IIED incrementa 11.8 veces el riesgo de CAR (Odd Ratio; . < .05). Se concluye que, en la muestra de estudio, las CAR y la IIED están presentes; que a mayor IIED mayor riesgo de estas y que un exceso de peso corporal, basado en el IMC, aumenta el riesgo tanto de CAR como de IIED. Es necesario que los programas de prevención para mujeres adolescentes consideren lo anterior de manera conjunta para garantizar su éxito.

Abstract It has been reported that when females increase their body mass index (BMI), body thin-ideal internalization (BTII) increased too, as well as disordered eating behaviors (DEB). The aim of this study was to assess the presence of DEB and BTII in adolescent females from Hidalgo, Mexico. We also analyze the association between both variables, and between BMI, body fat percentage (BFP), meal times (MT) and physical activity (PA). A cross-sectional non-experimental descriptive and of association study was carried out in a no probabilistic sample of 220 high school females, aged from 14 to 18 (Mage= 15.9 ± .99). Self-reported validated questionnaires in Mexican samples were used to assess each one of the variables: the Brief Questionnaire for Risky Eating Behaviors, the Attitudes toward Body Figure Questionnaire, Risk Factors Associated to Eating Disorders for Mexican Pubescents Questionnaire (only the meal times factor was used) and the short version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). BMI was obtained by measuring each subject's weight and height; the body fat percentage (BFP) was measured through Biolectrical Impedance. The protocol was revised and approved by the Ethics and Research Committee of Health Sciences Institute of the Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo. Descriptive analyses were held, as well as Odd Ratio to estimate the risk association. Total sample showed 17.3 % of moderate risk and 15.5 % of high risk for developing DEB; 23.2 % of the sample reported risk for BTII. From the total of females with DEB (moderate and high risk) 68.6 % also scored risk of body thin-ideal internalization. According to the BMI, results showed that 29.5 % of the sample had overweight and obesity; meanwhile for the BFP in the same categories the value was 85 %. The analysis by BMI showed that adolescents with overweigh (50 % and 39.1 %, respectively) and obesity (47.4 % and 31.6 %, respectively) achieved the highest values for both, DEB and BTII. Interestingly, participants with normal BMI had also important percentages for DEB (26.9 %) as well as BTII (17.9 %). With respect to BFP, females with overweight (41.5 % and 24.4 %, respectively) and obesity (35.6 % and 25.3 %, respectively) had the highest percentages for both DEB and BTII. Again, adolescents with normal BFP showed percentages for DEB (6.4%) and BTII (9.7 %). Findings showed that 68.6 % of the participants with risk of IIED, "never" and "few times" used to eliminate the dinner, and that 80.5 % of the sample had low level for PA. We found that BMI increases significantly 2.7 times the risk of BTII as well as 2.5 times the risk of DEB; BTII increases 11.8 times the risk of DE (Odd Ratio; p < .05). From the present data, it can be concluded that DEB and BTII are present in the sample studied, and its prevalence were higher than other studies among Mexican females. We also concluded that overweight and obese subjects, for both BMI and BFP, were the ones that obtained the higher percentages of DEB and BTII. Finally, BMI increased significantly the risk of DEB and BTII, as well as BTII increased significantly the risk of DEB. It is necessary that female adolescent prevention programs take into account this in a joint way to guarantee their success.

Equations for calculating ideal body weight in patients on mechanical ventilation in adult intensive care units in Latin America: exploratory review / Ecuaciones para calcular el peso ideal en pacientes con ventilación mecánica en unidades de cuidado intensivo adulto en Latinoamérica: revisión exploratoria

Abstract Introduction Ideal body weight calculation is used in critical medicine for drug dosing and setting ventilation parameters. However, the suggested and used equations were designed on the basis of anthropometric variables that do not represent the Latin American population. Objective To map and present the current evidence on the equations used to calculate ideal weight in patients on mechanical ventilation in intensive care units in Latin America. Material and Methods Exploratory review using the Joanna Briggs Institute method conceived by Arskey / O'Malley. A search was performed in the BVS, LILLACS, REDALYC, Ovid, Google Scholar and Scielo databases using keywords and MeSH terms in Spanish, English, and Portuguese, with no time limitation. The results are presented in descriptive tables. Results Overall, 1126 studies were identified and 1120 were excluded; 6 studies were reviewed and 3 additional studies were identified through a manual search. The studies were published in Chile, Brazil, Mexico, Ecuador, and Peru. In 89%, the ARDS Network equation was used to calculate tidal volume. Acute respiratory distress syndrome was the most reported pathology (33%). Conclusions Adult intensive care units in Latin America use the equation suggested by the ARDS Network, which was designed in a population with different anthropometric characteristics.

Resumen Introducción El cálculo del peso ideal se utiliza en medicina crítica para dosificación de medicaciones y programación de parámetros ventilatorios; sin embargo, las ecuaciones sugeridas y usadas fueron diseñadas con variables antropométricas que no representan la población latinoamericana. Objetivo Mapear y presentar la evidencia actual de las ecuaciones utilizadas para calcular el peso ideal en pacientes con ventilación mecánica en unidades de cuidado intensivo de Latinoamérica. Material y métodos Revisión exploratoria con el método del Instituto Joanna Briggs concebido por Arskey y O'Malley. Se realizó una búsqueda en las bases de datos BVS, LILACS, Redalyc, Ovid, Google Scholar y SciELO con el uso de palabras clave y términos MeSH en idiomas español, inglés y portugués, sin límites de tiempo. Los resultados se presentan de forma descriptiva. Resultados Se identificaron 1.126 estudios, se excluyeron 1.120, se revisaron seis y se encontraron tres adicionales mediante búsqueda manual. Los estudios fueron publicados en Chile, Brasil, México, Ecuador y Perú. En el 89 % se usó la ecuación del ARDS Network para calcular volumen corriente. El síndrome de dificultad respiratoria aguda fue la patología más informada (33 %). Conclusiones En las unidades de cuidado intensivo adulto de Latinoamérica se usa la ecuación sugerida por el ARDS Network diseñada en población con características antropométricas diferentes.